Established in 2017 as a standalone electric performance brand by Volvo Car Group and Geely Holding, Polestar leverages Volvo’s safety pedigree with Geely’s manufacturing scale. Its first model, the Polestar 1 (2019), was a limited-run plug-in hybrid grand tourer with carbon-fiber bodywork and 600 hp output. The Polestar 2 fastback (2020) introduced a pure-electric platform with dual motors, a 78 kWh battery, and a 470 km WLTP range, positioning it against Tesla’s Model 3. In 2023, Polestar delivered over 50,000 vehicles globally and went public via a SPAC merger. Upcoming models include the Polestar 3 electric SUV (launch in 2024) and the Concept 5 prelude coupe, highlighting the brand’s focus on sustainable materials and software-driven experiences via Android Automotive OS.